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8 mm. The segments of RTTfs within the clamps were air-dried and placed between 2 pieces of emery board to eliminate slippage, and the test area of tendon between the grips was kept moistened with a room temperature phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. Each RTTf was mounted onto a custom-made material testing system in a PBS solution bath at room temperature. The testing system was equipped to measure load (5-lb load cell, Sensotec, Columbus, OH, USA) and grip-to-grip displacement (linear variable differential transformer, Lucas Schaevitz, Pennsauken, NJ, USA). Tendons were first loaded to 1 g to determine the initial RTTf length, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxymatrine Oxymatrine] and then displaced, using a motion controller (Newport, Fountain Valley, CA, USA), to 3% strain at a constant rate of 0.41 mm/s (approx 2.3% strain/s). The RTTfs were then maintained at this displacement for 10 minutes of stress-relaxation. Load and displacement values were recorded at 50 Hz with an analog-to-digital computer data acquisition system for the duration of the experiment. With the use of RTTf cross sectional area, load, and displacement values, the viscoelastic material properties of maximum modulus (maximum stress divided by applied strain) and equilibrium modulus (equilibrium stress divided by applied strain) were computed. Statistical analysis of the change in RTTf length was performed using a 3 factor ANOVA (rat, day, and treatment) and an adjusted [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/liraglutide.html Liraglutide solubility dmso] Bonferroni post-hoc with significance set at P[http://www.selleckchem.com/products/verubecestat-mk-8931.html Verubecestat solubility dmso] Percentage length of rat tail tendon fascicles (mean �� SD) from each of 5 rats following cyclic load and subsequent cellular contraction over 7 days with (42��C) and without (37��C) applied thermal treatment. The pulsed application of thermal energy significantly enhanced the contraction rate of the lax RTTfs on days 5 (P=0.0132), 6 (P