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However, there is a paucity of information on this subject in this environment despite the fact that pregnancy-induced hypertension contributes significantly to high maternal mortality.1 To our knowledge, this study appears to be the first to evaluate the hemodynamics of the ophthalmic artery in PE in this environment. The aim of this study was to document the hemodynamic changes in PE using the OAD ultrasonography technique in singleton pregnancies and compare [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/PF-2341066.html check details] with those in normotensive pregnant women living in the study region. Materials and methods Study site and design This was a prospective case-control study conducted in the Department of Radiology, University College Hospital (UCH), a tertiary hospital located in Ibadan, Oyo State, Southwestern Nigeria, between June 2013 and September 2014. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the University of Ibadan/University College Hospital Ethical Review Committee. Informed consent was obtained and confidentiality of the participants ensured. Study population Pre-eclamptic patients were recruited from the antenatal clinic and labor ward of the UCH after diagnosis was confirmed by elevated BP and proteinuria. The control subjects were normotensive pregnant patients seen in the antenatal clinic at the UCH. Sample size The sample size was estimated using the formula for comparison of means between two groups:25 n=2��2(Z��+Z��)2D2 where n is the sample [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DYRK1B AZ191] size for each group, �� is the standard deviation of the outcome variable (0.2, 0.04, and 0.09 for PI, RI, and peak ratio, respectively),20 Z�� is the desired level of statistical significance which at 5% =1.96 and Z�� is the desired power which at 90% =1.28. D is the expected minimum difference between the two groups (0.15, 0.05, and 0.01 for PI, RI and peak ratio, respectively). The sample size for the outcome variables, allowing for an attrition rate of 10%, was 42 subjects and 42 controls. However, a total of 92 pregnant women [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/INCB18424.html selleck inhibitor] (42 subjects and 50 controls) were recruited for this study. Selection criteria Inclusion criteria for cases were age of GA >20 weeks, elevated BP ��140/90 mmHg on two measurements taken 6 hours apart, and proteinuria >300 mg in a 24-hour urine sample or at least 1+ on dipstick random urine test. Inclusion criteria for controls included GA >20 weeks, normal BP