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05) while no effect was observed for Mmax except for the MG muscle (P  Similar delay latency was observed at rest for the FCR muscle between MEPmax and Hmax. Despite the fact that H�\reflex was obtained [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDR1 DDR1] only at rest for triceps surae muscles, this 5 msec time delay was also observed between MEPmax and Hmax latencies, while Hmax and Vtest latencies were similar. To be effective, the collision between corticospinal volley initiated by TMS [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Methazolastone.html Selleckchem Temozolomide] and antidromic volley evoked by supramaximal nerve stimulation should occur between the spinal cord and the electrical stimulation site over the motor nerve (Fig. ?(Fig.1).1). The range of ISIs calculated for the SOL, according to formulas depicted in Fig. ?Fig.1,1, was 13.13 �� 0.69, from +5.63 ��1.66 (ISImin) to +18.76 ��1.99 (ISImax). This range was slightly shorter for the MG (12.72 �� 0.35) and LG (11.71 �� 1.91) muscles starting at +7.46 ��0.76 and +7.82 ��3.35 and ending at +18.15 ��0.18 and +18.93 ��1.70, respectively. Positive values obtained for starting�\ending ISIs indicated that collision could occur only when conditioning TMS was evoked before nerve stimulation. This result was also observed for FCR muscle at rest for which TMS should be evoked from +6.14 ��0.43 to +12.72 ��0.50. In calf muscles, MEP durations were ranging from 13.37 �� 1.64 msec (MG) to 15.26 �� 2.55 msec (LG) at 50% MVC and from 14.26 �� 0.91 msec (MG) to 15.82 �� 1.77 msec (SOL) at 10% MVC. No statistical differences were found neither between force level nor muscles (P > 0.05). At rest, FCR MEP duration was 14.17 [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/ABT-888.html Veliparib solubility dmso] �� 2.08 msec. Conditioned responses In all experiments and whatever the testing conditions (ISI, force level or TMS intensities), no significant effect of conditioning stimulation was found on Mmax amplitude (P > 0.05, Fig. ?Fig.2A2A and D). Figure 2. TMS induced facilitation on triceps surae muscles according to the ISI at 10% MVC. Conditioned responses are expressed in percentage of the unconditioned. Hatched zone represent the theoretical calculated ISIs. *significant difference between conditioned ... In experiment 1 the conditioning effect of TMS on PTN stimulation was analyzed during voluntary plantar flexion (10% MVC) from ISI ranging from ?20 to +20 msec. A significant effect of conditioning TMS evoked at MEPmax intensity was found on V�\waves responses for all calf muscles (P