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However, studies of maternal GBS carriage rates and neonatal GBS disease will continue. ""63406"	"Applicability of cord blood interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) as markers for early prediction of the onset of chronic lung disease (CLD) due to intrauterine infection was investigated in the present study. Eighty very low-birthweight infants with chorioamnionitis [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/abt-199.html learn more] were divided into two groups: the CLD group (42 patients) and the non-CLD group (38 patients), according to the presence or absence of CLD, and the clinical background and cord blood IL-6 and IL-8 levels in each group were compared and investigated. The CLD group had significantly longer duration of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization (P [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/MDV3100.html Hormones antagonist] receiver operating characteristic curves of CLD onset for both IL-6 and IL-8, the cut-off value of IL-6 for predicting onset of CLD was 48.0?pg/mL, and its sensitivity and specificity were 76% and 96%, respectively. The cut-off value for IL-8 was 66.0?pg/mL, and its sensitivity and specificity were 71% and 82%, respectively. The cord blood levels of both IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in the CLD group, indicating that both IL-6 and IL-8 are useful predictors of onset of CLD. ""63407"	"Several reports have shown the beneficial effects of early or prophylactic surfactant therapy for preterm infants, who often develop respiratory distress syndrome. No report, however, has addressed which infants should receive surfactant therapy in the delivery room. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the validity of identifying infants who need surfactant therapy based on fraction of inspiratory oxygen (FiO2) requirement in the delivery room. In this observational, retrospective study, FiO2 given in the delivery room, use of surfactant therapy, stable microbubble test (SMT) results, and changes in FiO2 both before and after [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_demethylase Histone demethylase] surfactant therapy were reviewed in infants born at