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18 Taking TZD medicine in the past 6 months, consumption of immunosuppression or anti-inflammatory drugs at the time of entrance to study, approved autoimmune disease, major cardiovascular events (like myocardial infarction), cerebrovascular disorders (stroke, transient ischemic attack), heart failure (Grade III or IV), liver enzyme abnormalities (liver enzymes level more than 2.5 times of normal), kidney dysfunction (creatinine higher than 1.8 mg/dl), pregnant women, breastfeeding women or women in childbearing age who do not have a good method of contraception were the exclusion criteria. Furthermore, in case of severe side effects associated with drugs that may require to stop drug consumption such as increased hepatic enzymes GSK3B (2.5 times more that the base amount or higher), causing jaundice, making symptoms associated with heart failure, impaired vision, etc. the patients were excluded from the study. Conscious consent forms were completed by all participants. Patients were divided into two 34-member groups receiving pioglitazone and placebo drugs by the use of table of randomized numbers. For the intervention group one tablet of 30 mg pioglitazone (Sajad Darou Pharmaceutical Co., Iran) per day was used.19,20 Patients in the placebo group consumed placebo pills daily (produced by Isfahan School of Pharmacy) similar to pioglitazone pills in terms of shape, size, and color. The treatment period was 24 weeks and in this period, patients were given advises on diet and physical activity based on the available guidelines.21 Patients were visited by residents of cardiovascular diseases within 6 weeks SAHA HDAC supplier with the interval of every 2 weeks at the beginning and then monthly. In these visits, vital signs and drug side-effects were investigated and drugs were replaced by new one (Figure 1). Figure 1 The chart of study process A volume of 10 cc venous blood sample was taken in the fasting state (12 h, between 8 and 9 AM) and serum was isolated by centrifugation 3000 ��g for 20 min at a temperature of around 4 ��C. Circulating levels of IL-10 and TNF-�� were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Boster Biological Technology, China) in all patients before and after intervention. Fasting blood glucose, levels of total cholesterol, TG and HDL-C were measured through enzymatic Tariquidar molecular weight method (Pars Azmoon Inc., Iran) by autoanalyzer (Hitachi 902, Japan). Concentrations of LDL-C was determined by Friedwald equation in individuals whose TG was