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Therefore, we conducted a retrospective study to determine the diagnostic utility of additional bronchial washing specimens in suspected patients. Methods?A retrospective analysis was performed on 174 patients [sputum smear-negative, n?=?95 (55%); lack of sputum specimen, n?=?79 (45%)] who received bronchoscopy with two bronchial washing specimens with microbiological confirmation of TB in Samsung Medical Center, between January, 2010 and December, 2011. Results?TB was diagnosed by first bronchial washing specimen in 141 patients (81%), and an additional bronchial washing specimen established diagnosis selleck screening library exclusively in 22 (13%) patients. Smear for acid-fast bacilli was positive in 46 patients (26%) for the first bronchial washing specimen. Thirteen patients (7%) were positive only on smear of an additional bronchial washing specimen. Combined smear positivity of the first and second bronchial washing specimens was significantly higher compared to first bronchial washing specimen alone [Total cases: 59 (34%) vs. 46 (26%), p?Fluconazole determined by culture was also significantly higher in combination of the two serial bronchial washing specimens compared to the first bronchial washing. [Total cases: 163 (94%) vs. 141 (81%), p?ALK inhibitor Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, 2Department of Paediatrics, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, India, 3Department of General Surgery, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, India Background?Tuberculosis in developing countries like india has historically been associated with poverty and low socioeconomic status The purpose of this study was to assess the association of socio economic status (SES) on the outcome of tuberculosis drug therapy in patients of direct observed therapy (DOTS). Methods?Total 300 cases of tuberculosis, diagnosed by sputum microscopy & Chest radiography, were put on DOTS therapy. Cases were divided in two groups. Group A included 213 patients (73 patients of cat I & 140 patients of cat II) who were mostly patient belonging to low SES (below poverty line).
