Title Loaded From File

Because Aeromonas are ubiquitous in a wide range of environments, they might act as important vectors for the transfer of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance [14]. The FMO5 authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest in relation to this work. ""Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17: 1538�C1545 The risk factors and clinical features of patients with Candida tropicalis fungaemia have not been fully defined. We performed a case�Ccontrol study comparing 59 cases of C.?tropicalis fungaemia with 177 episodes of fungaemia caused by other species of Candida in our hospital over a 24-year period (January 1985 to December 2008). Patients with C.?tropicalis fungaemia were more likely to be older (median age, 67 vs. 56?years; p?0.01), to have cancer (45.5% vs. 31.6%, p?0.04), and to have the abdomen as the portal of entry (32.2% vs. 11.9%, p?0.001), and had a higher in-hospital mortality rate (61% vs. 44%, p?0.03). Multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors for C.?tropicalis fungaemia were cancer (OR?4.5; 95%?CI?1.05�C3.83; p?0.03) and the abdomen as the portal of entry (OR?13.6; 95%?CI?1.9�C8.2; p?Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor p?0.03) and catheter removal (OR?0.06; 95%?CI?0.01�C0.4; p?0.002) were protective factors. C.?tropicalis is the fourth most common cause of fungaemia in our hospital. It is associated with underlying malignancy, the abdomen as the Bafilomycin A1 portal of entry, and poor outcome. Candidaemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the healthcare setting. Candida species now rank fourth in the USA and sixth in Europe among causes of nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSI) [1�C3]. In addition, the crude mortality rate of candidaemia is approximately 40�C50%, depending on the population and the species studied [4�C6]. In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of candidaemia and a shift towards Candida species other than Candida albicans, with Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis causing almost half of all episodes [5�C12]. C.?parapsilosis has been related to overuse of venous catheters, especially in neonates, transplant recipients, and patients receiving parenteral nutrition [13]. The emergence of C.?glabrata and C.?krusei has been related to antifungal exposure in specific populations, such as elderly patients, solid organ recipients, patients with neutropenia, patients receiving corticosteroids, and neonates [5].