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Not only in T2DM [15], but also in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) [16], in particular, in HNF1��-mutated cases (MODY3), who see more are characterized by a paradoxically low renal threshold for glucose and, therefore, exceptional glucosuria [17]. This characterization of renal hypouricaemia as an incompletely penetrant feature of FRG needs confirmation by similar observations in other patients with severe forms of FRG. If replicated, this will argue for glucosuria being directly responsible for the disruption of urate transport in the proximal tubule and renal hypouricaemia in FRG as well with pharmacological inhibition of SGLT2. Acknowledgments This work was supported by AstraZeneca Produtos Farmac��uticos and Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Portugal, and APENE �C Associa??o Portuguesa para o Estudo das Nefropatias. Conflict of interest statement. None declared.""Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are frequently used in the initial treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Their use is convenient compared with the continuous administration of unfractionated heparin, since they are administered once or twice daily by subcutaneous injections. Owing to their predictable anticoagulant effect, regular laboratory monitoring is not deemed necessary [1]. However, in special patient populations, YES1 in which uncertainties on the pharmacokinetic properties of LMWHs exist (e.g. decreased renal function, obesity and pregnancy), anti-factor Xa (anti-Xa) activity measurements may be used to monitor and optimize the anticoagulant effect of LMWHs [2, 3]. Limited clinical data on appropriate dosage adjustments for nadroparin based on anti-Xa activity in patients with renal failure are available [3]. This lack of knowledge on adequate nadroparin dosages in these populations increases both the risks of therapy failure and the occurrence of side effects. Reduced renal clearance of LMWHs in patients with renal failure may lead to the accumulation of the LMWH and stronger anticoagulation effects EGFR inhibitor as a result [4�C6]. Indeed, for enoxaparin, a higher bleeding risk has been found for patients with renal failure who receive therapeutic treatment [7, 8]. Despite the fact that the use of LMWHs in patients with glomerular filtration rates (GFR)
