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05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The success rate of lithotomy in the initial treatment was 88.7 (94/106)%. The final lithotomy rate was 100 (106/106)%. The time necessary to perform lithotomy was 39.4 (10-128) min and the mean treatment frequency was 1.21 (1-4) times. Lithotripsy was needed in 11.3 (12/106)% of the patients. Among the patients requiring lithotripsy, 6 had a highly tortuous bile duct and 6 had significantly large bile duct stones. For lithotripsy, endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy was performed in 10 patients and POCSL in 2. Complications due to the treatment procedure were observed in 4.7 (5/106)% of the patients, including MK-2206 price bleeding in 1.9 (2/106)%, perforation in 0.9 (1/106)%, pneumonia in 0.9 (1/106)%, and acute cholangitis in 0.9 (1/106)%. Patients were classified into group A or group B for the analysis of data (Tables ?(Tables22 and ?and3).3). The lithotomy success rate was 88.1 (52/59)% in group A, and 89.4 (42/47)% in group B and that for final Ibrutinib research buy lithotomy was 100%, both in group A (59/59)% and in group B (47/47). The lithotripsy rate was 10.2 (6/59)% in group A, and 12.8 (6/47)% in group B. Operation time was 37.59 �� 26.94 (12-125) min in group A, and 42.02 �� 27.12 (10-128) min in group B. The number of ERCP was 1.24 �� 0.683 (1-4) in group A, and 1.17 �� 0.529 (1-4) in group B. The incidence of complications was 6.8 (4/59)% in group A and 2.1 (1/47)% in group B, and there was no significant difference between group A and group B, regarding other parameters. Table 2 Lithotomy by endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation Table 3 Complications after endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation DISCUSSION This study showed that elderly patients aged �� 80 years often have underlying diseases, however, results of treatment for large bile duct stones or multiple bile duct stones using EPLBD lithotomy were equivalent to those aged TRIB1 Recently, the reports on the results of treatment for choledocholithiasis using EPLBD have been increasing[20-35]. Ordinary endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) employs a balloon 4-10 mm in diameter for papillary dilation, whereas EPLBD is performed using a balloon 12-20 mm in diameter. Before this procedure was reported, lithotomy of large bile duct stones or multiple bile duct stones was difficult without lithotripsy of the stone. This procedure has the advantage that compared with EPBD or EST a larger papillary aperture can be obtained.
