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However, whether the functional connectivity between brain regions is changed, especially between the cerebral hemispheres, in patients with FD remains unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the interhemispheric resting-state Fleroxacin functional connectivity (RSFC) changes in patients with FD. Resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) was performed in 26 patients with FD and in 20 matched healthy controls. An interhemispheric RSFC map was obtained by calculating the Pearson correlation (Fisher Z transformed) between each pair of homotopic voxel time series for each subject. The between-group difference in interhemispheric RSFC was then examined at global and voxelwise levels separately. The global difference in interhemispheric RSFC between groups was tested using the independent two-sample t-test. Voxelwise comparisons were carried out using a permutation-based nonparametric test, and multiple comparisons across space were corrected using the threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) method. The results showed that patients with FD had higher global interhemispheric RSFC than healthy controls (p?Y-27632 order TFCE corrected). Our findings provide preliminary evidence of interhemispheric correlation abnormalities in patients with FD and contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. Copyright ? 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ""Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute renal failure. It occurs in various clinical settings such as renal transplantation, shock and vascular surgery. Serum creatinine level has been used as an index for estimating the degree of renal functional loss in renal IRI. However, it Selleckchem CHIR 99021 only evaluates the global renal function. In this study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to characterize renal IRI in an experimental rat model. Spin-echo echo-planar DTI with b-value of 300?s/mm2 and 6 diffusion gradient directions was performed at 7?T in 8 Sprague-Dawley (SD) with 60-min unilateral renal IRI and 8 normal SD rats. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), directional diffusivities and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured at the acute stage of IRI. The IR-injured animals were also examined by diffusion-weighted imaging with 7 b-values up to 1000?s/mm2 to estimate true diffusion coefficient (Dtrue) and perfusion fraction (Pfraction) using a bi-compartmental model. ADC of injured renal cortex (1.69?��?0.24?��?10?3?mm2/s) was significantly lower (p?
