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SZ patients were diagnosed by clinicians according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. All SZ participants were outpatients who had been recruited from the pavillon Albert pr��vost of the H?pital du Sacr��-Coeur of Montr��al. They were stable and on antipsychotic medication with a normal recommended range of dosage (the average chlorpromazine equivalent was 642?��?651?mg/day). The severity of symptoms was measured using the Positive and Negative Resiquimod Symptom Scale [PANSS; (51)]. HC participants had been recruited in the local community. They were matched with the SZ patients for age and educational level (cf. Table ?Table11 for the demographic data). The two groups did not significantly differ with regard to age [t(58)?=??0.94, p?>?0.05], educational level [t(58)?=??0.65, p?>?0.05], and IQ estimated using the NART (52) [t(58)?=??0.74, p?>?0.05]. All participants were native French-speakers with no previous neurological history. Table 1 Demographic and clinical http://www.selleckchem.com/products/mi-773-sar405838.html data. Written consent forms were obtained from all participants, according to ethics guidelines set out by the University of Montreal and the H?pital du Sacr��-Coeur de Montr��al. Measures A task of irony understanding was used to test the attribution of intention. The stimuli were composed of 48 stories from Champagne-Lavau et al. (21) controlled for familiarity and plausibility. To assess how social knowledge, such as occupation stereotypes, influenced participants�� ToM ability, the context was manipulated according to the presence of an occupation cueing or not ironic intent (cf. Supplementary Material, for example). Following Pexman and Olineck (44), a no occupation condition was also devised to create filler stimuli. This condition, in which the speakers were identified by their first names, was included to prevent the participants from developing response strategy that would help them foresee job information. The speaker occupations were chosen following a pilot study conducted with the procedure used LEE011 by Pexman and Olineck (44). Forty undergraduate students from the University of Montreal were recruited for this pilot study. For each occupation, they were asked to imagine that a member of that occupation got a flat tire on the way to work. They were then asked to rate, on a 7-point scale (1?=?low probability, 7?=?high probability), the likelihood that the member of this occupation would make an ironic remark about the situation. Forty five occupations were tested in that pilot study. The following eight occupations were judged as having the highest probability (p?>?4.50) of ironic remarks (��sarcastic occupations��): comedian, talk show host, actress, artist, movie critic, mechanic, plumber, and insurance agent (M?=?4.91, SD?=?0.43). The following eight occupations were judged as having the lowest probability (p?
