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Aim:?To compare airway wall dimensions, airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell size and number, percent muscle shortening (PMS), mucus occupying ratio (MOR) and mucus gland area in cases of asthma (fatal and nonfatal) with paucigranulocytic inflammation (PG, n?=?37), eosinophilic (Eos, n?=?12), neutrophilic (Neu, n?=?7) mixed eosinophilic and neutrophilic (Mixed, n?=?18) and control subjects (Co, n?=?48). Methods:?On sections of airway (H&E, 5?��m) taken from post-mortem lungs, airway AZD5363 solubility dmso wall dimensions, PMS, MOR and the area densities of eosinophils and neutrophils within the inner airway wall were estimated. Cut-offs of mean eosinophil and/or neutrophil density of more/less Selleckchem CP673451 than 5 cells/mm2 were used to categorize cases of asthma as above. On contiguous 30?��m sections stained with haematoxylin, ASM cell size and number were determined using stereological techniques. Results:?There were no significant differences in duration, age of onset of asthma or smoking history between case groups, however PG had less numbers of fatal asthma cases (p? was increased in Eos and Mixed compared with Co (p?Azastene to be small but has not been quantified. Aim:?To compare the Pbm from post-mortem lungs from asthma cases (n?=?57) and control subjects (n?=?31) from the same anatomical site within the lung. Methods:?A stratified technique was used to sample the axial airways from the apical segment of the left upper lobe and the anterior and basal segments of the left lower lobe. Nine equidistant sections (��generations��) of airways were taken from each lobe ranging from cartilaginous bronchi to terminal bronchioles.