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To evaluate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in CF patients and the factors associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. We evaluated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin D Serum C-reactive protein, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, albumin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels were measured. Lung function was evaluated by spirometry, and clinical and chest radiographic scores were assessed. Statistical significance level was ATPase set at P? trend to have higher vitamin D levels. Sixteen patients had severe lung disease with percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1?s predicted below 40%. After multivariate analysis, body mass index and hospitalization in the last month remained significantly associated with serum vitamin D levels. Vitamin D insufficiency is still a problem in CF patients, even in those receiving supplementation. ""Introduction:? Induced sputum is a non-invasive method, and a useful tool to evaluate inflammatory cells and mediators in the airway lumen in the setting of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease MG-132 solubility dmso (AECOPD). However, the inhalation of hypertonic saline solution to induce sputum may cause a bronchoconstrictive response, so it is important to evaluate the success and safety of sputum induction (SI). Objectives:? The aims of this study were to assess the safety and efficacy of SI in adults with AECOPD. Methods:? Eighty-three AECOPD subjects and 26 healthy controls underwent a modified SI. The outcome measures included fall in lung function during Selleck Epacadostat induction and success of SI. Results:? Adults hospitalized with AECOPD had moderate to very severe airflow obstruction. SI was successful in over 80% of subjects. The percentage decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1?s (FEV1) from baseline by the Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) category was median 1.2(interquartile range, 0.5�C3.3)(GOLD II), 2.3(1.3�C3.2)(GOLD III), 5.2(3.3�C8.6)(GOLD IV) and 1.4(0.5�C3.2)(control), respectively. A fall in FEV1 of >20% occurred in only one subject with AECOPD who was in GOLD category III. The decrease in percentage of FEV1 from baseline was greatest in the second stage of induction, and correlated with that of the final stage (r?=?0.589; P?=?0.01). The fall in FEV1 during induction increased with GOLD category (P?