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Computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (not always indicated) and recently (Technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate single-photonemission tomography/CT) scan have great value for both diagnostic and therapeutic considerations [16,17,18] (Fig. 3). Fig. 3 (A, B) C6 and L3 osteoid osteoma. Conventionally, medical treatment of pain has been considered the first management option in OO. Positive response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs especially aspirin is reported in 14%-90% of cases [12,19]. AZD0530 order Surgery is the most common definitive method of treatment for spinal OO with a good prognosis for pain relief if total nidus excision could be done. Accepted indications for surgery are persistent pain or spinal deformity and rarely, neural deficit [20,21]. Recently percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation and laser coagulation have been introduced as a minimally invasive treatment and is supported by some literature [22,23,24]. The aim of our study was to review the results of treatment of spinal OO cases from 2004 to 2012. The study describes clinical findings and outcomes of conventional open surgery in this case series. Materials and Methods For the purpose of this study, 19 patients (20 vertebral lesions) were retrospectively evaluated after confirmation by the of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ethnic diglyceride committee. The office charts and hospital files from orthopedic spinal surgery and neurosurgery departments were evaluated first. All available data for all patients (from 3 surgeons) with histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of OO from February 2004 to August 2012 that underwent surgical treatment, were collected. Hospital history and physical examination reports, imaging GDC-0941 solubility dmso findings, operative room notes and finally office follow up notes were reviewed for assessment and analysis. Exclusion criteria included any pathologic report except OO and CT scan nidus size >1.5 cm. Pain and scoliosis and their relevant parameters were especially mentioned and evaluated. Data were analyzed by SPSS ver. 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software using descriptive statistics, frequency distribution and chi-square test (considering significance level as p