SKI-606 Now Presented In Japanese As Well As German!

Dipoles for both saccade directions were on average oriented towards the outer borders of the eyeballs. Contrasting the dipole orientation for leftwards with rightwards saccades revealed a significant rotation of 13.26�� towards the ipsilateral side across subjects (Fig.?6; p?=?0.01, random permutation test). Consequently, the dipole orientation of a horizontal saccade followed the orientation of the contralateral rectus medialis and ipsilateral rectus lateralis muscle. Up to this point, we studied the SP and SF at the onset of regular saccades. However, a major problem is the spike artifact related to miniature saccades that occur even under fixation. Thus, we next Pramipexole analyzed the SF and SP induced by miniature saccades. We extracted miniature saccades with a range of less than 2�� BYL719 research buy amplitude from the fixation period of our experiment (see Materials and methods). The SF of miniature saccades had a similar topography as the regular saccades (Figs.?7A and B). The sensor topographies of the SF of both saccade types were highly correlated (r?=?0.86). However, the SF of miniature saccades differed in amplitude from that of regular saccades. The average amplitude over frontal and temporal regions of interest was ~?200% larger for regular saccades compared to miniature saccades (Fig.?7C; p?=?3.6?��?10?6, Bonferroni corrected for n?=?2 comparisons). In contrast, the SF revealed only small differences in amplitude between saccades of 5.5�� and 11�� (8% signal increase, p?=?8.2?��?10?4, Bonferroni corrected for n?=?2 comparisons). Similar to the SF, the average SP amplitude at frontal and parietal electrodes of interest was ~?110% larger for regular compared to miniature saccades (Fig.?7D; Selleck SKI 606 p?=?2.1?��?10?5, Bonferroni corrected for n?=?2 comparisons). The difference in average SP amplitude between 11�� and 5.5�� saccades remained nonsignificant (5% signal increase for 11�� saccades, p?=?8.6?��?10?2, Bonferroni corrected for n?=?2 comparisons). Source analysis of the SF from miniature saccades revealed the strongest power changes at 64?Hz at the extraocular muscles behind the eyes (Fig.?8; p?