Self-peptide antigens are regularly developed and presented, but intriguingly, T cells that propagate autoimmune illness can seemingly avoid exhaustion or regulation
46. Smeal T, Binetruy B, Mercola DA, Birrer M, Karin M Oncogenic and Transcriptional Cooperation with Ha-Ras Requires Phosphorylation of C-Jun on Serine-63 and Serine-73. Nature 354: 494496. 47. Tsukamoto H, Irie A, Chen Y, Takeshita K, Kim J, et al. TCR ligand avidity determines the mode of B-Raf/Raf-1/ERK activation leading for the activation of human CD4 T cell clone. European Journal of Immunology. pp 19261937. 48. Davis RJ Signal transduction by the JNK group of MAP kinases. Cell 103: 239252. 49. Tanaka N, Kamanaka M, Enslen H, Dong C, Wysk M, et al. Differential involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases MKK3 and MKK6 in T-cell apoptosis. EMBO Rep 3: 785791. 50. Wasserman H, Beal C, Zhang Y, Jiang N, Zhu C, et al. MHC Variant Peptide-Mediated Anergy of Encephalitogenic T Cells Demands SHP-1. Journal of Immunology. pp 68436849. 51. Schnell F, Alberts-Grill N, Evavold B CD8 T Cell Responses to a Viral Escape Mutant Epitope: Active Suppression by means of Altered SHP-1 Activity. Journal of Immunology. pp 18291835. 52. Dambrosio D, Cantrell DA, Frati L, Santoni A, Testi R Involvement of P21 Activation in T-Cell Cd69 Expression. European Journal of Immunology 24: 616620. 53. Kaech SM, Ahmed R Memory CD8+ T cell differentiation: initial antigen encounter triggers a developmental plan in naive cells. Nat Immunol 2: 415422. 54. van Stipdonk MJ, Lemmens EE, Schoenberger SP Naive CTLs demand a single short period of antigenic stimulation for clonal expansion and differentiation. Nat Immunol 2: 423429. 55. Lee KH, Holdorf AD, Dustin ML, Chan AC, Allen PM, et al. T cell receptor signaling precedes immunological synapse formation. Science 295: 15391542. 56. Reboldi A, Coisne C, Baumjohann D, Benvenuto F, Bottinelli D, et al. CC chemokine receptor 6-regulated entry of TH-17 cells in to the CNS through the choroid plexus is required for the initiation of EAE. Nat Immunol ten: 514523. 57. Leavenworth JW, Schellack C, Kim HJ, Lu L, Spee P, et al. Evaluation of the cellular mechanism underlying inhibition of EAE soon after remedy with antiNKG2A F. Proceedings on the National Academy of Sciences of your United states of America 107: 25622567. 58. Irla M, Kupfer N, Suter T, Lissilaa R, Benkhoucha M, et al. MHC class II-restricted antigen presentation by plasmacytoid dendritic cells inhibits T cellmediated autoimmunity. Journal of Experimental Medicine 207: 18911905. 59. Sloanlancaster J, Shaw AS, Rothbard JB, Allen PM Partial T-Cell Signaling - Altered Phospho-Zeta and Lack of Zap70 Recruitment in AplInduced T-Cell Anergy. Cell 79: 913922. 60. Chan C, Stark J, George AJ Feedback handle of T-cell receptor activation. Proc Biol Sci 271: 931939. 61. Kilgore N, Carter J, Lorenz U, Evavold B Cutting edge: Dependence of TCR antagonism on Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase activity. Journal of Immunology. pp 48914895. 62. Stefanova I, Hemmer B, Vergelli M, Martin R, When shaping an immune response, both the TCR affinity and duration of antigen encounter play roles in directing the outcome of T cell activation Biddison W, et al. TCR ligand discrimination is enforced by competing ERK optimistic and SHP-1 unfavorable feedback pathways. Nature Immunology. pp 248254. 63. Altman JD, Moss PA, Goulder PJ, Barouch DH, McHeyzer-Williams MG, et al. Phenotypic evaluation of antigen-specific T lymphocytes. Science 274: 9496. 64. Moon JJ, Chu HH, Pepper M, McSorley SJ, Jameson SC, et al.
