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8%) of the 72 samples that were negative according to B1-PCR�CELISA were positive according to TaqMan-AF-PCR. All of these 15 positive samples originated from three allogeneic SCT recipients with disseminated toxoplasmosis and presenting with other Toxoplasma PCR-positive samples according to both techniques. For two patients, the TaqMan-AF-PCR was positive 4 and 10?days earlier than the B1-PCR�CELISA. Iterative blood and serum specimens sampled from an unrelated cord blood SCT recipient with Paclitaxel manufacturer cerebral and disseminated toxoplasmosis, whose case has been previously reported [20], provided the opportunity to follow the evolution of parasite load under treatment according to TaqMan-AF-PCR. Fig.?1 shows the slow decrease in parasite load after the initiation of treatment with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine on day 43 post transplantation. PCR on blood buffy coats yielded the highest parasite load, with a peak of 29?000?tachyzoite-equivalents/mL on day 43 post transplantation (Fig.?1a). In whole blood, parasite loads were lower, with a peak value of 4300 tachyzoite-equivalents (Fig.?1b), and in sera, parasite loads were much lower, with a peak value of only 15?tachyzoite-equivalents/mL (Fig.?1c). The threshold cycles obtained using TaqMan-AF-PCR on these samples were compared with those obtained Fluconazole previously with a real-time PCR assay targeting the B1 gene [21] and those obtained using the LC-AF-PCR [18]. The TaqMan-AF-PCR allowed detection with lower Ct values: the mean gain was 7.1?��?2.4 amplification cycles when compared with the real-time PCR assay on B1 gene BGJ398 chemical structure (p?