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The second hypothesis test reported p = 0.05, but a recalculation for the PS-341 supplier given F-value indicates that p = 0.054, which is above the standard 0.05 criterion. Such p-value misreporting is not uncommon (Bakker and Wicherts, 2011; Wicherts et al., 2011). Regardless, researchers sometimes use an alternative significance criterion; and since Eberhardt et al. (2004) claimed success for this hypothesis test, their criterion was apparently something like 0.055 (a much larger criterion would generally not be accepted by reviewers). Identification of this criterion is necessary to estimate the probability of a successful outcome. Eberhardt et al. (2004) reported mean latencies but the analysis was based on an inverse-transform of the latencies (to remove apparent skewness lazabemide in the data). As a result, the means of different groups cannot be estimated from the data in Eberhardt et al. (2004). However, the reported test statistics do allow computation of standardized effect sizes, which can be used to generate equivalent hypothesis tests. Eberhardt et al. (2004) also required (and found) a significant interaction, but the standardized effect sizes by themselves are insufficient to include that test among the reported successes. The standardized effect sizes are shown in Table ?Table11. Study 3 had a design similar to Study 2, but used a basketball prime rather than crime. Here, two hypothesis tests were deemed necessary for success: (1) a significant interaction and (2) a significant difference between primes when searching on a Black face. For reporting details similar to those in Study 2, it is not possible to estimate success probabilities for both of these tests (they are not independent), but it is possible to estimate the success probability of either one with the standardized effect size; and Table ?Table11 reports the probability for test (2). Eberhardt et al. (2004) did note that, contrary to Study 2, selleck inhibitor the effect of primes for White faces was not significantly different. This could have been interpreted as a non-success, but instead Eberhardt et al. (2004) chose to interpret the outcome as being due to differences in the nature of the priming method. At any rate, they did not treat the non-significant outcome as evidence against their theoretical ideas. Study 4 was similar to Study 2 but used police officers as participants. The same limitations on the analysis as for Studies 2 and 3 also apply to Study 4. Although a total of five successful hypothesis tests were presented to support the theoretical ideas in Eberhardt et al. (2004), success probabilities can only be estimated for two of the tests: (1) a significant difference between primes for Black faces and (2) a significant difference (in the opposite direction) between primes for White faces. The first hypothesis was judged successful with a reported p