The Great, The Not So Good And PFI-2

Oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), minute ventilation (VE) and energy expenditure (EE) were measured at rest and during walking in both exercise modes. Mean steady-state cardiorespiratory responses during ATW showed a significant decrease compared with OTW at a matched speed. During ATW, mean VO2 values decreased by 39% in the stroke group and 21% in the control group, mean VCO2 values decreased by 42% in the stroke group and 30% in the control group, and mean EE decreased by 40% in the stroke group flupentixol and 25% in the control group. Mean steady-state VE values and resting cardiorespiratory response values showed no significant change between the two conditions. This study demonstrated a decreased metabolic cost when ATW at matched speeds to that of OTW. Reduced metabolic cost during ATW may allow for longer durations of treadmill-induced gait training compared with OTW for improved outcomes. This knowledge may aid clinicians when prescribing aquatic treadmill exercise for people post-stroke with goals of improving gait and functional mobility. However, decreased metabolic cost during ATW suggests that to improve cardiovascular fitness, ATW may not be a time-efficient method of cardiovascular exercise for healthy adults and people post-stroke. Copyright ?2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ""Background and Purpose.?Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. Rehabilitation is a vital component of post-stroke care with two-thirds of survivors requiring rehabilitation. Fatigue is a common issue affecting stroke patients and Duvelisib research buy is a barrier to rehabilitation causing inefficient care provision and potential limitation to patient recovery. No study to date has investigated whether the experience of fatigue is different between the two main causes of ischemic stroke: small-vessel (SVD) and large-vessel disease PFI-2 cost (LVD). The aim of the present study is to complete a pilot study to inform the feasibility, design, magnitude of difference in experience of fatigue, and sample size for a definitive study to evaluate differences in fatigue between these two groups of stroke patients. The experimental hypothesis is that participants with LVD experience a significantly greater level of fatigue than those with SVD as assessed by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Methods.?The study used a cohort observational design. Thirteen participants were recruited over a two-month period from King's College Hospital. Participants were visited on average at the start of the second week of rehabilitation to complete the FSS. An independent t-test and ANCOVA were performed. For all statistical analyses, a significance level of p