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The presence of the fibrous septum is best demonstrated on coronal oblique T2-weighted images and, again, a single-shot fast spin echo coronal T2-weighted image to assess the kidneys is recommended. This is caused by thickening of the fundal myometrium. This causes a smooth, broad indentation of the fundal endometrial cavity by a thickened, saddle-shaped fundus. If the ratio of fundal height to the distance between the cornua is Isotretinoin include multiple gestations, gynaecological/obstetric trauma and increased prostaglandin production. MRI is a useful tool for the diagnosis of cervical weakness in both pregnant and non-pregnant women. There are four typical findings in cervical weakness: cervical canal buy Kinase Inhibitor Library of the m��llerian ducts with the vaginal bulb gives rise to a transverse vaginal septum. If there is obstruction the vagina becomes dilated and can contain fluid, debris see more or blood (haematocolpos) or there can be distension of the endometrium (haematometrocolpos). The septum is most commonly identified at the junction of the middle and upper third of the vagina and can be obstructive or non-obstructive in nature (Figure 8). The septum is best characterised on the sagittal T2-weighted image by a low signal intensity fibrous tissue septum with loss of normal vaginal zonal anatomy. T1-weighted images with fat suppression are useful for assessing the presence of blood products within.18 Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome or testicular feminisation syndrome is caused by complete end-organ resistance to androgens. These women have a 46,XY karyotype with functioning testes but a female phenotype. They are often raised as female until investigation for primary amenorrhoea uncovers the true diagnosis.19 With the absence of m��llerian duct derivatives there is agenesis of the uterus, fallopian tubes and upper two-thirds of the vagina. The testes are present, although usually undescended, with 70% along the common or external iliac chains, 25% in the inguinal canal and 5% in the retroperitoneum (Figure 9a and Figure 9b). On MRI the signal intensities of the testes are typically hyperintense to muscle, hypointense relative to fat but lower than normal gonads. A low signal intensity rim on T2-weighted imaging is helpful to distinguish the gonads from lymph nodes.