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""Various contrast agents (Magnevist?, Gadovist? and Multihance?) loaded into polymeric nanocapsules were synthesized by the inverse miniemulsion technique. The relaxivity of the resultant contrast agents was assessed at 1.5 T magnetic field strength. The ionic relaxivity of the contrast agents could at least be maintained after their encapsulation in different polymer capsules. The chemical composition of the nanocapsules was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The distribution of the contrast agent in the nanocapsules could be identified by energy filtered transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results indicate entrapment of the gadolinium complex into the inner shell of the polymeric nanocapsules. The payload of contrast agent per nanocapsule resulted in some 2.5?��?106 selleck products Gd3+ complexes yielding a particle-based MMP23B relaxivity of 10.75?��?106?mM?1?s?1. Maintained or even slightly increased ionic relaxivity of the different contrast agents after encapsulation in combination with high payloads and the possibility of functionalization of the capsules' surface facilitate the application of the nanocapsules as promising targeted contrast agents for MRI. Copyright ? 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ""Molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to investigate tumor angiogenic activity non-invasively. However, the pharmacokinetic behavior and tumor penetration of the often large contrast agent particles is thus far unknown. Here, pharmacokinetic analysis of cyclic asparagine�Cglycine�Carginine Ibrutinib mw (cNGR) labeled paramagnetic quantum dots (pQDs) was developed to quantify the contrast agent's homing efficacy to activated endothelial cells of angiogenic tumor vessels using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. cNGR homes to CD13, an overexpressed aminopeptidase on angiogenic tumor endothelial cells. First, a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model, comprising the blood space and endothelial cell surface, was compared with a three-compartment model additionally including the extravascular�Cextracellular component. The resulting extravasation parameter was irrelevantly small and was therefore neglected. Next, the association constant Ka, the dissociation constant kd and the fractional plasma volume vP were determined from the time-series data using the two-compartment model. Magnitude and spatial distribution of the parameters were compared for cNGR-labeled and unlabeled pQDs. The tumor area with significant Ka values was approximately twice as large for cNGR-pQDs compared with unlabeled pQDs (p?
