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Children with these devices are more vulnerable to lead failure and inappropriate shocks compared with the adult population. Preoperative assessment and appropriate reprogramming of the device, in addition to minimizing sources of electromagnetic interference, are keystones in the perioperative care of these patients. Prior consultation with qualified programmers is recommended to enable timely optimization of the device. Magnets may be used in emergency situations but it is important to appreciate the limitations of magnet use on different models of pacemakers and ICDs. Safe and successful perioperative care is dependent upon a well-organized and coordinated multidisciplinary team approach. ""Open muscle biopsies in children are generally performed under FG-4592 supplier general anesthesia. Alternatively, deep sedation and analgesia may be required. The aim of our study was to compare the Bispectral Index (BIS) and Comfort Score (CS) with respect to their Quetiapine clinical significance for sedation/analgesia in children undergoing open muscle biopsy. Thirty pediatric patients subjected to open muscle biopsy for diagnosis of their underlying disease were prospectively enrolled. Sedation/analgesia was performed in all patients using remifentanil and propofol. The patients were simultaneously monitored using the CS and BIS. All sedations and muscle biopsies were performed uneventfully. The CS and BIS were significantly correlated (R?=?0.589; P?KRX0401 with a maximum cut-off point of BIS 70.5 (sensitivity 0.9; specificity 0.785) for adequate sedation. Sensitivity of 100% was achieved at BIS 60. Accordingly, all patients with BIS ��60 had CS within the target range of 10�C14. The BIS showed substantial intra- and interindividual variability (30 points and 58 points, respectively) during sedation, whereas CS varied only within close ranges during sedation. In 25 patients, sedatives were reduced according to low BIS values (