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03). Atopic eczema had statistically significant associations with younger age (p=0.03), high parental education (p=0.03), parental allergy (p=0.02), tobacco smoke at home (p=0.02) and household crowding (p=0.0007). Diagnosis of unspecified sensitization was related to high parental education (p=0.03) and parental employment (p=0.02). When respiratory symptoms were examined, the results of multivariate analyses suggested that symptoms of chest wheezing in the past 12 months were related to tobacco smoke at home (p=0.06); attacks of dyspnea were associated with parental allergy (p=0.007), and type of heating (p=0.04); hay fever symptoms depended on younger age (p=0.01) and urban residence (pbuy Dolutegravir of Ukraine was lower than expected based on a previous study in Ukraine [2?and?12]. In addition, the CAPNS1 prevalence of spastic bronchitis was over three times higher than what was found for asthma. The typical risk factors associated with asthma such as gender and personal history of allergy were not seen in this population. Based on our findings, there may be an underdiagnosis of asthma or a mislabeling of asthma as spastic bronchitis in this region. The prevalence of childhood asthma in the Ternopil Region was relatively low compared to other studies from Eastern Europe and much lower than the recent findings in children of Kiev (Ukraine) in whom the prevalence of childhood asthma was 8.1% in 6-7 year old children and 6.1% in the 13-14 year old children [Akopian A. Z. �C unpublished report]. However, our findings were similar to recent Polish estimates for allergic conjunctivitis (8.9%), atopic eczema (12.0%), and symptoms of chest wheezing (15.2%) [6]. Although Talazoparib chemical structure asthma prevalence in our study was lower than earlier reports in Ukraine, the prevalence of asthma symptoms and allergic disease appears similar to other studies from Ukraine and Eastern Europe. For example, the report of asthma symptoms in this study were comparable to a previous study of Ukranian children where identical definitions of asthma symptoms were used [2]. Also, a recently published country-specific paper by Dardynskaia et al. [12] dealing with asthmatic symptoms in children aged 7 years, in three selected cities of central Ukraine reported similar findings where the prevalence of chest wheezing was 11.4%, in Kiev, 6.9% in Mariupol and 6.9% in Dniprodzerzhinsk. Furthermore, in the current study the prevalence of allergic diseases including atopic rhinitis and atopic eczema were similar to results reported for other Eastern European populations including Russia and Estonia [2?and?13]. There is evidence to support an underdiagnosis of asthma in this study population. Low prevalence of childhood asthma in the Ternopil Region and at the same time frequent occurrence of allergic diseases and asthma symptoms, within the range of the published data, suggests an asthma underdiagnosis.
